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Patented and meeting stringent wind codes, Solar Stack is designed to meet mph winds. Solar Stack eliminates drilling holes, inserting screws, and locating structural connection points on the roof for positioning of the solar panel. The FastRack FR is injection molded, utilizing glass-reinforced nylon, and engineered to outlast the useful life of the array in extreme weather conditions year warranty. The one-piece hybrid mounting system arrives ready to install.
Quick to ship, stage, and install, the U. Sollega provides full PE Engineering and design services. SunModo Corp. The SunTurf system works on flat roofs where solar panels are elevated above obstacles to maximize system size while allowing space underneath for easy maintenance and repairs.
GLIDE is a ground screw-based racking system designed to work in any soil condition for utility-scale solar projects. Structurally, GLIDE consists of minimal hardware and is a stiff, yet agile racking system that increases the speed of install, resulting in maximum field efficiency.
TerraGen Solar TerraGen Solar is a solar PV mounting system engineering and manufacturing supplier focused on client relationships and continuous improvement to develop PV racking designs and solutions. To date, TerraGen has supplied racking solutions including their standard TGR flat roof ballasted system, their TGT tilted pitched roof system, their TGP flush mount system, carport and ground mount systems, and custom designs for various customers.
TerraGen is able to overcome site-specific challenges and offer solutions to the market with their experience in manufacturing, engineering, construction, project management, and solar power plant design. Without having to locate structure, the Zilla Double Stud XL eliminates the need for installation prep work, standardizes design and installation processes, achieves speed and flexibility in the field, and makes it possible to complete more projects in less time at less cost.
Zilla Double Stud XL is compatible with Zilla flush mount systems or any solar mounting system to help drive better bottom line results. DEWESoft has developed data-acquisition instruments to perform measurements both accurately and efficiently with an all-in-one solution.
DEWESoft has an array of products and specifically developed software that caters to all power measurement requirements, such as; power quality, direct and diffuse solar radiation data, converter, and overall efficiency. All their equipment and testing criteria follow international norms such as the IEC Class A.
Electro Plastics, Inc. The system operates on low-voltage and is extremely energy efficient. The elements can be connected to AC power supplies or directly to DC solar panels.
Because the elements are self-regulating, they cannot overheat. The elements are cut to length on site, making the system suitable for both new construction and remodeling, for primary heating and floor warming. Other applications include snowmelt and deicing for roofs, decks, pipes, containers, and ships. All products are made in the USA with environmentally friendly and recyclable materials. Johnson Bros. Roll Forming Co.
Roll Forming is a manufacturer of panel frames and other solar energy components, such as the supports and structural components for panels, as well as reflector troughs for solar concentrators. They offer a wide variety of custom shapes for various different solar panel frames and structures. Plant 2 is the heavy steel division dedicated to roll forming complex steel profiles; thickness between 0. Plant 1 is dedicated to thinner steel and lighter metals which are laser welded and unique configuration.
Both divisions use USA or Canadian steel mills as their prime source for raw material. RPM has roll formed millions of pounds of custom steel for the global solar racking industry. Samson holds ISO Certification.
IMO Automation The FireRaptor safety shutdown solution has been designed with fire safety in mind, and offers a reliable way to remotely shut down a solar PV array in the event of fire or other emergency. It offers a manual shutdown operated at ground level, and two forms of automatic shutdown based on temperature and external power loss. Plus, the FireRaptor can be used with any solar inverter, on virtually any PV installation.
There is also an option for hardwire or mobile communication alarm signaling. Kee Safety manufactures OSHA-compliant safety railings for commerical, institutional, and industrial facilites. KeeGuard rooftop guardrail systems provide fall protection around the perimeter. Kee Klamp steel and Kee Lite aluminum railings are designed for in-plant applications including handrails, machine barriers, mezzanines, and loading docks.
In addition Kee Walk anti-slip rooftop walkways are available with guardrails and can be custom-configured as rooftop or in-plant crossover platforms. Safe and simple to use with only one hand. Marking Services, Inc. MSI improves and standardizes solar identification to promote safer work environments and minimize downtime due to errors or accidents. They enhance the overall efficiency of solar energy plants by providing photovoltaic solar labeling products and identification services which effectively communicate valuable information to all who need it.
MSI offers a one-stop, comprehensive source for solar labeling with quality products, fast turnaround times, and on-time delivery. PV Labels PV Labels has created two new items to help installers comply with code and finish off the install with a professional look. The new and labels have been designed to communicate the multiple messages required on DC and AC junction boxes. Based on the need to satisfy ANSI standards, these unique labels fulfill multiple code requirements while still fitting on these smaller components that have such limited space for labeling.
Made from non-corrosive T6 aluminum with stainless set screws, temporary or permanent attachment. Lab tested to 14,lbs ultimate breaking strength. Optional adapter plates expand functionality. They also offer a complete line of fall protection equipment. Nor-Cal Products, Inc. Nor-Cal Products is a source for prototype and production quantity custom vacuum chambers and weldments.
Spherical, cylindrical, or rectangular bodies can have single-wall, double-wall, or channeled construction and are value-engineered to reduce cost, and increase reliability and performance. All welds are reviewed for vacuum integrity, structural strength, heat resistance, and flange distortion to minimize or eliminate secondary machining. In-house fabrication capabilities allow exhaust weldments to be fabricated from a single piece of tubing, eliminating welds and manufacturing steps while improving cleanliness and fit.
WPred offers solar and weather forecasting services for up to 14 days ahead for the specific location of a solar park. They offer expert tools that help plan and optimize maintenance operations, identify under-performances due to dirt and snow, and allow their customers to base financial decisions on historical and forecasted data.
Raptor Maps, Inc. They accurately and efficiently identify, localize, and prioritize site anomalies. Raptor Maps has analyzed over 14GW of solar PV through turnkey inspections and in-house drone support.
Aurora is an end-to-end cloud-based PV system design and sales platform. With Aurora, users can precisely calculate how many solar panels will fit on a property, forecast how much energy they will produce, estimate how much money the system will save the property owner, and generate sales proposals without ever having to visit the property itself.
A process that used to require multiple software applications, hours of design work, and site visits, can now be completed remotely and more accurately in under 10 minutes with Aurora.
Solargis Prospect app is all-in-one pre-feasibility tool that will help users find the right location for their solar power plant. Users can compare multiple sites or use the project economy calculator. After the plant configuration is set up, users can download a bankable PDF report.
They can also create a free account and generate report for planned or existing sites. Burnham Nationwide, Inc. The BurnhamEYE is an inspection and documentation app that covers all aspects of a solar installation. The app directs the installer to gather information through a series of geo-tagged and time-stamped questions and photos.
This information can be used to make an accurate assessment without having a 3rd party inspector physically at the site. As an additional service, their qualified team of inspectors will review the data and provide an unbiased and comprehensive report.
These structured and consistent reports can be used as proof of workmanship for potential new clients or retained as record should future issues arise.
The BurnhamEYE documentation can be done as soon as the installation is complete and before the installer leaves the site thus eliminating unnecessary and costly truck rolls. Green IT Energy Applications gives owners and operators perspective on their portfolios. Extensible Energy Extensible Energy promotes the expansion of the commercial solar market through developing intelligent software that is always adapting with energy, technology, data, and the grid.
DemandEx, their new demand charge reduction software, is easily and inexpensively installed with commercial solar projects in less than a day. JobNimbus JobNimbus offers a fully mobile sales and production management software with features including interactive boards, customizable workflows, and photo uploads. Enter new leads and move them through the sales pipeline.
Everything in JobNimbus is organized into job folders, including notes, emails, tasks, contracts, photos, estimates, and more. With a mobile app iOS, Android , JobNimbus provides tools in the field to capture lead information, take and upload pictures to a job folder, and create estimates on the spot.
The app works in offline mode to provide uninterrupted productivity anywhere. Featuring integrations for canvassing, QuickBooks, and EagleView, JobNimbus is a one-stop solution for managing business from the field or in the office. Nearmap on OpenSolar Installers can now find everything under one roof to effectively plan, sell, and design their next solar project with Nearmap on OpenSolar. Their SaaS solution will speed users entry into new states, and increase the top of the development funnel opportunities.
This solution will also reduce the risk of late stage fallout, saving time and money. PVComplete offers design software for residential, commercial, and now utility scale solar. PVCAD Utility simplifies and streamlines multi-megawatt and single-axis tracker layout design, even on complex terrain. With click-anddrag control, quickly complete site layouts for utility-scale projects of any size. Define trackers, import topography, and get top of pier schedules. Built on Autodesk technology.
Solar Coatings Terabase Energy The Terabase Platform is a powerful web-based tool to accelerate large scale solar project development decision-making from siting through to design optimization. Find a suitable site, then design and optimize the project, all via a simple and intuitive GIS-based interface. The Terabase Platform is powered by a predictive engine for energy output, including bifacial performance.
The platform is free to use and Terabase also offers engineering services for a fee to platform users. When long-term ground observations are unavailable, they use nearly 20 years of hourly site data from their global solar dataset to provide a reliable and accurate solar production forecast.
Their methodology accounts for localized characteristics such as clouds influenced by complex terrain, coastal effects, and monsoons. The detailed circuit diagram simplifies construction work. A trial version is available on the Valentin Software website, as well as video tutorials and introductory online webinars. Maximize site revenue, reduce costs by identifying issues quickly and clearly Bringing unparalleled support with specialized service plans available Customized to your site needs any size, any equipment Remotely manage your portfolio, download data with multiple inverter manufacturers all in a single view.
We monitor it all! Arconic Huck fasteners have been engineered to provide high installation speed and vibration resistance, making them a joining system solution for a wide range of solar applications. These fasteners are engineered to be installed in 1 - 2 seconds, and self-grounding Huck fasteners are now being used to replace conventional multi-part, grounding assemblies. To add even more flexibility and speed to installations Huck offers battery powered tooling.
Huck fasteners also have the strength to support the connection of the solar panels to their frames, providing a level of vibration resistance which allows them to withstand winds exceeding mph. Finally, these fasteners are designed to be tamper proof, providing an additional measure of security for valuable PV panels.
Southern States, LLC Southern States LLC is committed to increasing utility systems reliability by delivering next generation switching, automation, and protection solutions. The TranSwitcher vacuum switching device, is a cost effective and reliable switching device that will reduce or eliminate rapid voltage change events by minimizing inrush currents when connecting solar generation to the grid.
The Sense Solar app tracks solar production and energy consumption simultaneously, showing the homeowner in real time how much energy is used in the home and returned to the grid. Easy to specify, install, and maintain, LUCE SOLARE includes an on-board sensor that monitors ambient light and automatically controls the luminaire, turning it on and off to maximize performance and run time.
Designed to be a solution to light up pathways, parking areas, playgrounds, parks, general urban environments, and even be used for temporary lighting. International Attachments, Inc. Mazaka Solar Pile machine MA and MA features and benefits include: wireless remote control including pile accuracy with an auto plumb system, engagement of the hammer and being driven from the ground, reduction in surveying time and costs with compatibility of GPS systems. Rework is reduced with piles installed in the correct location, depth, and angle, and less time is spent installing piles and resetting for the next pile.
Piles are kept plumb with an auto -plumb system reducing cycle time and out-of-plum piles. Luvata manufactures PV ribbon branded Sunwire. Sunwire is compatible with both thin film technology and crystalline silicon and is used as both an interconnecting ribbon and a cross-connecting ribbon.
Sunwire is rolled from round wire, annealed for extra softness, plated all-over via a hot-dip-tinning process, and precision level-wound on returnable spools. With a high-purity oxygen-free copper core base, Sunwire offers high electrical conductivity combined with guaranteed elongation and yield strength. These enhanced mechanical properties reduce cell breakage rates and improve the productivity. All standard dimensions, plating alloys, and spool sizes are available. Baja Carports Baja Construction Co.
Designed to maximizes solar panel production in either portrait or landscape layout. Each module section is balanced in order to make seasonal adjustments with or cell modules simple and easy, no heavy lifting required.
It is engineered to withstand 1kPa of wind and 2. Available with optional string inverter mount, micro inverter mount, and rear cable shielding panels. The structures sturdy steel construction and hot dip galvanized coating stands up to even the most hostile environmental conditions. Their Solar SpeedRax shared rail system ensures a sturdy solar carport system and permits a solid build with limited fasteners and few repairs. A clean design with grounded cable management allows for an aesthetically pleasing carport combined with a powerful frame made from long-lasting material.
Poly-Tex Solar Poly-Tex Solar designs and manufacturers solar canopy systems for parking lot and parking ramp applications. Using their Tri-Plane Truss design, they focus on bringing structural solutions and financial feasibility to their customers. This system ships efficiently, is easily installed, and requires no onsite welding.
Its proprietary geometry reduces foundation size in high load environments. The canopy enables more kilowatts per acre under high snow and wind where high power density is needed. After ground assembly, canopies are lifted by crane for final attachment, minimizing overhead work and optimizing site safety. Fewer days on-site time means reduced construction management costs, increased throughput, and limited disruption to parking lot operations.
Its solar roof tilts automatically, facing East in the morning, and West at night. TiltPort is customizable, from hundreds of units for corporations to waterproof sheds powering agriculture. Each car-size, 36KW, Plug-n-Play unit is installed in minutes.
CoolPV combines solar electric and solar thermal into one panel to enhance electricity output and heat a swimming pool. CoolPV delivers up to four times the energy of standard solar modules in the form of both electricity and thermal energy. Water within the CoolPV thermal tubes cools the solar module, which increases its efficiency and produces more electricity. Heat pulled from the modules and absorbed from the sun is then used to heat the pool. CoolPV optimizes roof space by combining two energy-producing systems into one while maintaining rooftop aesthetics.
Structural Solar LLC Structural Solar LLC designs, manufactures, and installs solar carports on surface lots or parking decks, and solar pavilions or architectural solar structures for commercial, institutional, and government projects across the US including Hawaii and Caribbean nations. The cost-effective structural designs with integrated aluminum racking systems are engineered for 40 - 60 year durability and can be value engineered to accommodate a wide range of challenging conditions and applications.
Services include engineering for foundations and structures, steel fabrication, coating, steel erecting, and mounting of modules. Sunda Solar Energy Technology Co. SUNDA has solar thermal experience for over 30 years. With their sales network all over the world, their products have been exported to more than 80 countries and regions.
Baknor Thermal Management Baknor provides solutions for heat dissipation with liquid cold plates, heat sinks, heat pipes, fans, and more. Their extensive knowledge of cooling weighs various tradeoffs and factors such as functionality, manufacturability, volume, mass, cost, packaging, efficiency, and the reliability and safety of heat dissipation components. Aquatherm Industries, Inc. Aquatherm Industries offers unglazed polymer solar thermal collectors, primarily used in residential and commercial pool heating applications, solar heat for industrial processes SHIP , and low-cost thermosiphon systems.
Chromagen Hot Water Solutions Chromagen develops, manufactures, and sells advanced hot-water, energy-saving solutions. Founded in , in Israel, Chromagen brings solutions to projects worldwide, including single-family homes, apartment buildings, hotels, hospitals, and industrial plants. Chromagen has two subsidiaries in Australia and Spain, as well as a network of distributors who serve customers in over 40 countries, including the USA. Digital Solar Corp.
DSH provides a patented solar heating system with inter-seasonal storage. Primarily this system is for new homes and commercial buildings, or for hydronic retrofitting. Each system is designed to suit the application and is capable of storing MW of thermal energy in summer for later use. New developments include snow melt, spa, pool, and process heat for industry, commercial applications such as car washes, hotels, and motels for heat and laundry.
A new version suited for Canadian winters has been developed with Wifi access and data storage. SunEarth SunEarth Inc. Stiebel Eltron, Inc. There is a year warranty on Stiebel Eltron solar panels and tanks. Contact Us Williams Street P: Techno-Solis, Inc. Techno-solis Solar Pool Heating Systems kits provide everything that is required for a quality installation of a solar pool heating system. Three panel sizes are available to meet area requirements.
Techno-Solis offers a year full replacement warranty for customer peace of mind. Q-Lab Corporation Q-Lab provides accelerated weathering and corrosion test equipment and test services. Comprehensive accelerated testing of materials and modules helps to develop higher durability solar solutions.
In addition, Q-Lab offers contract test services, which include accelerated laboratory testing, at locations worldwide. Outdoor exposure testing for weathering, light-fastness, and corrosion is available in both Florida and Arizona locations. Viessmann Manufacturing provides solar thermal systems for DHW heating and central heating backup.
All components of their solar systems have been carefully design-matched to ensure reliable performance and efficiency every step of the way. Honle UV America, Inc. The equipment is used in the curing of photo reactive substances as well as surface sterilization and sun simulation. At the heart of every UV system is the Honle Lamp.
Honle manufactures its own high-performance UV discharge lamps and apart from standard spectra lamps, customer specific and process specific lamps are produced. Spectral Evolution spectroradiometers provide an accurate instrument for measuring both continuous and pulsed solar simulators. The DARWin software captures and shows actual irradiance for respective spectral ranges.
Built-in software routines provide class status as a function of wavelength and generate a spectral match report. ITH Engineering ITH Bolting Technology manufactures bolting tools and systems for thread sizes as small as M16 up to M and larger, including standard products and custom designs engineered based on customer needs. The full scope of tools includes battery torque multipliers up to 6,Nm 4, ft-lbs , electric torque multipliers up to 13,Nm 9, ft-lbs and higher, hydraulic torque tools, and hydraulic tensioning tools.
Torque-angle tightening and data recording with documentation are optional. WEH WEH designs and manufactures high-quality nozzles, breakaways, receptacles, filters, and check valves for hydrogen refueling and has become a partner to the automotive industry in this technology.
Safety, ease of operation, and the well-executed design make WEH H2 products a solution for manufacturers for H2 filling stations and fuel cell vehicles worldwide. McCann Equipment, Ltd. McCann Equipment Ltd. Their services include the repair, calibration, and certification of torque tools manual, electric, pneumatic, hydraulic , transducers, and testers. Additionally, they certify air pressure gauges and hydraulic gauges as well as tension calibration testers Skidmore.
The scope and accreditation for each is available on their website. The Voyager tracker requires no special tools and only two wrench socket sizes to be fully assembled. It features few foundations per module and employs a fast and intuitive clamping system.
The balanced DC string architecture reduces the overall DC collection cost and is suitable for DC cable harness systems. And, the single row, 2-portrait module mounting architecture allows engineers to make the most of the available land while maintaining suitable accessibility in higher GCR designs. This single-axis tracker can span up to modules per row, has multiple preassembled components, proven auxiliary features drive, motor, dampers, and controller , all with the added benefits of the structural components manufactured in the US by OMCO.
Origin also has a universal module mount which allows it to use any module with frame heights between 25mm to 50mm and widths up to 1. Origin has a unique bearing designed by their engineers to be able to adjust in 8 distinct ways to account for post misalignment. NEXTracker NX Gemini two-module-in-portrait solar tracker optimizes lifetime value and performance on customer sites with challenging terrain and irregular project shapes. Designed for ultra-high winds, NX Gemini has the maximum modules per foundation and high power density.
The GCR-configurable system supports up to modules on four V strings and requires only 7 foundation posts, delivering a low number of foundations per MW. The ruggedized 2P tracker incorporates a distributed drive system for maximum stability in all wind conditions, eliminating the need for dampers and producing virtually zero energy losses associated with stowing.
It can be easily installed on all types of sites as it adapts to uneven terrain and plot contours without requiring great precision to align rows and allowing access between them, facilitating maintenance. Specially designed for large scale PV plants with steep terrain and irregular plots, it minimizes the movement of land and civil works, taking better advantage of available space. Contrary to some simplistic views, lapping with the smallest individuals from Ireland.
The upper tooth series lengths premolar series and weak development of cingulum. A very weak Interglacial of Western Europe, but this, apparently, development of the cingulum, which is hardly vis- is not the case of the giant deer from Moldova.
The complete upper tooth row is is significantly smaller than the specimen from rather large, slightly exceeding the total length of the M nfe Schlutup, Germany according to data from Pfeiffer largest specimens from Ireland, and falling within 8 and still smaller if compared to the specimen the range of size variation of the sample from Rhine of Irish giant deer stored in the Museum of Natu- Basin of Holland and Germany according to data ng o ral History in Paris.
Unlike the Irish form of giant le ri e c characterized by the relatively narrowest upper ep- deer, the specimen from Brynzeni-I is characterized iphysis among forms involved in the comparison.
The single complete met- or ic of ant deer from Dublin, and the sample from Bruine atarsal from Brynzeni-1 approaches the Moldavian Bank Holland. Although liest remains of M. The metatarsal bone under consideration are among the oldest remains of M. Holsteinian of Steinheim ca. The lower mandi- giant deer from the Late Anglian of Homersfield, ble thickness and length of lower molar series from Norfolk, England, characterized by particularly large Ofatinti and Duruitoarea Veche are similar to sam- size rivaling the largest specimens from Ireland.
However, unlike Van der Made analyzed the proportions of the sample form from Ireland, the only known in metacarpals of M. Cingulum metacarpals, and younger Eemian M. The position of metacarpal also very weak as in the sample from Poland. The specimen Cervidae, Mammalia. Courrier Forsch. The mandibles of females are relatively nar- lithic of Russian Plane and Crimea.
Lister le ri e c e-mail: paleo umk. Perhaps, the strongly ossified vomer, reduced with a preserved sediment profile from the period size of foramen ovale and strong obliteration of cra- between the Middle Palaeolithic and the Middle or ic of nial sutures should be regarded as characters caused Ages.
The entrance cave mouth, with the north-west by pachyostosis Croitor The nature of cingu- orientation is situated m above the sea level and t f lith es lum is unclear. This character is very variable. The 6 m above the current bottom of the valley. On the. Perhaps, the cingulum represents a sort The research carried out hitherto has revealed at least of dental hypertrophy related to the hyperostosis of Pa r pu 17 Middle Palaeolithic levels of the cave inhabita- head skeleton in giant deer Croitor Palaeolithic sites in Europe.
Recently, M. Kraj- p. These 24, p. Quaternary International, age of layer 19a and the unearthed assemblage A7, , p. Zoological Journal of Levallois method. They are all of simi- lar typological-technical character, regarded as the Musterian one with the Levallois technique. It can be supposed that even stratigraphically older levels layers 19abcd are of very old, local origin of the Musterian tradition, with the use of the Levallois method in the eastern and western part of the Car-.
It is quite striking that 8 there is a considerable number of blade forms made with the use of the Levallois technique. Most forms ng o denticulate and notched tools can be considered to le ri e c belong to the diversified Musterian tradition.
More- over, we cannot rule out the contribution of single sa du th elements of the Micoquian culture in the form of asymmetrical backed knife and and para-burin spall.
In this situation the discussed assemblage would be or ic of metaphorically speaking a palimpsest formed as a result of several, short stays of groups of people t f lith es at the cave.
They could have interchangebly used. Musterian and Micoquian flint tools? Chronostratigraphy of the layers 15 — 19 with assemblages A4 —A8. Rekonstrukcja zasiedlenia jaskini dl fo phases? Studies ing the Wartanian glacial period, is the last sediment of the Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, ea ial including pre-Eemian finds.
At least 7 phases have been ronmental Archaeology, ed. Jiri Chlachula and Norm Cat- distinguished at that time, which can be interpret- to, Quaternary International 1—2 , p. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Geol- were short-lived stays, during which particular ogy, Warsaw University, Warszawa. Most of the larger mammal material has been collected from deposits referred. The mam- e-mail: paleo umk. Thousands of fossil remains The participants of the interdisciplinary research, of smaller and, in particular, larger mammals have carried out since and supervised by K.
Cyrek been revealed. Wiszniowska, P. Woj- Equus mosbachensis is the most numerous species tal, A. Tyc, M. Biostratigraphically it is important to stress that Pa r pu Hitherto, the research has revealed at least 17 the fauna from Channel II contains relicts from the mid-Palaeolithic levels of cave inhabitation. The early Middle Pleistocene Sorex Drepanosorex results from recent years, including geo-chemical sp.
Correlation between the faunal re- n so to track down the cultural changes of pre- and Ne- cord from Schoeningen and the different English anderthal cave inhabitants in relation to the natural faunal assemblages referred to MIS 11 — MIS 7 so environment over the period of years. Many bones have been collected from late Middle Pleistocene have been modified artificially. The analyses of the deposits exposed in the upper levels of the open-cast faunal assemblages presented here apply evidence lignite quarry.
A number of different sites have been for Middle Pleistocene hominin subsistence and excavated in the exploited area and thousands of hunting strategies.
The most important elements of those tools Palaeolithic leaf points in Central Europe were the two symmetrical edges converging at the tip. Only such tools from the technological point e-mail: omimea gmail. On the basis of the analyses the author would. For last 50 years many researches were es converging at the tip; both edges were treated in IS re done on the oldest leaf-point horizons MIS 5d — 3. As a result few dozens of sites can be recently as- M nfe cribed as early leaf-point industries spread all over 8 the Eastern, Central and Southern Europe.
Middle Palaeolithic variability in Central The aim of the project was to check if there are Europe: cultural tradi ons versus ng o any significant differences between leaf points and technological and func onal adapta ons le ri e c between leaf points and other bifacial tools among all earliest leaf-point collections.
In total 41 collec- Janusz K. The or- recting. One can see that re- the classical Acheulian, but east from this line the Pa r pu movals performed from different directions had dif- bifacial technology was probably an independent ferent purposes whilst the cutting edge was only of innovation. The objec- lution buissonnante, manifested in the whole gamut id y tive of its repair was to thin the cutting edge near the of bifacial chaines operatoires, varying tool mor- M nl e tip, correct its thickness and the tip itself.
Although phology, and different blank production methods. Throughout decrease; this was probably caused by the impeded the course of repairs the knappers aimed at keeping access to raw materials in new, forested environ- ea ial a long, straight and sharp cutting edge.
The entire ments and difficulties in adapting Micoquian hunt- process of production and rejuvenation was subject- ing strategies to interglacial environments. In OIS op er ed to this aim. It is especially visible in all the parts 5e in Central Europe the most common facies of the where some elements of the tools were resigned Mousterian was Taubachian with microflake tech- ur at from on behalf of others.
The knapping might have nology. This was also tools were not made to be symmetrical. Their sym- a period of further growing diversity of the Mico- metry is a side effect in the process. Those tools can be called bifacial knives. Their shaping took place in separate tool reduction, differing access to raw materials or stages and all other steps considered the aimed adaptation strategies. Although there are dif- jmlopez iphes. Gegant fig.
The observation M nfe in Iberia is characterized, according to pollen anal- is coinciding with the attribution of the southern- 8 ysis, by dynamic alternations of the phases of forest most Iberian Peninsula as a climatic refuge, where development and expansion of semi-arid areas, in Neanderthals survived until ca. In this Acknowledgments context of rapid fluctuations are located the sites We want to thank all members and directors of sa du th of Neanderthal occupations in the northeastern the excavations mentioned in this work for allowing Iberian Peninsula.
In this work we are going to ex- us to study the material of small vertebrates. Fur- pose the environmental and climatic data obtained thermore, this paper is part of projects CGL or ic of from the small vertebrates herpetofauna and small and SGR Using the financial sponsorship of the Spanish Ministry of No eo os quantitative Habitat Weighting and qualitative Science and Innovation.
Black bars indicates the participation of woodland formations; grey bars — the open meadows. There is much variation in the Southern Iberia as a refuge for the last Neanderthal pop- ulations. Journal of Biogeography 38, p.
IS Spain. Quaternary Science Reviews 43, p. This tendency of the units ng o to become shorter with decreasing age might reflect le ri e c increasing rates of faunal turnover, but alternatively The accelera on of faunal change might reflect a greater effort or need for stratigraphic sa du th towards the end of the Pleistocene precision or an increased abundance of the fossil record. There are indeed indications that the number of Jan van der Made fossil localities increases in the younger stratigraphic or ic of units Van der Made , figure 1 , which implies Consejo Superior de Inves gaciones Cien ficas, Museo a better known record.
By now, many localities have been The longevity of species and the rate of evo- dated, using an increasing array of methods. As a re- la rp lution or faunal change became interesting when sult, it is possible to establish the longevity of many radiometric methods made it possible to measure species, albeit with varying degrees of precision.
Pa r pu geological time. Immediately it was recognized that Here species longevity of African and European these parameters are not constant in time. He also noted is used with exception of the suids. There is id y that there are differences in average longevity be- a series of problems with this data set: the uneven M nl e tween different orders, with Neogene Proboscidea temporal and geographic distribution of the fossil and Chiroptera having longer longevities than, for record, the different representation of the different n so instance, Artiodactyla, Carnivora and Primates.
The European record has similar problems. Nev- related to climatic change and Van Dam et al. However, there is one problem M Milankovich cycles. Al- short. The same applies for the species that existed ternatively, shorter biozones result in more precise, already 20 Ma ago.
If living species are eliminated and usually shorter, temporal ranges of the species. Trends in the duration of the biostratigraphic units, based on mammals. Plotted is the duration of each unit ur at against the midpoint of the age of the unit. The duration varies wildly; the running average of three and five units gives a clearer view of the trend in decreasing duration in the Plio-Pleistocene units. A series of Spanish local units after Van Dam et al.
The faunal sets for Africa after Pickford Over six hundred African large mammal The living species in these graphs are few 1 and 3 species taken together show the same pattern. While in European and African suoids; and 0 and 1 in the most European localities are not directly dated, but proboscideans and they originated 0,9 Ma or less have estimated ages on the basis of their position in ago, so that their incomplete longevities affect the biostratigraphic units, African localities are often di- graphs only for that time range.
There is a notable rectly dated. The variation in average species longevity in European and African Suoidea and Proboscidea during the M nl past 20 Ma.
The average species longevity of the species present in time slices of 0,1 Ma is plotted against e geological age. Proboscidea from Africa after Sanders et al. Own data were used for the Suoidea from Africa and Europe. The fact that also in African localities in faunal turnover from about 1,2 Ma onward, be- op er species longevity decreases, suggests that the rates coming more pronounced within the Middle and of evolution and faunal change increased in more re- still more in the Late Pleistocene.
So it seems that, at least in part, The actual rate of evolution can be calculated in the younger biostratigraphic units have shorter du- the cases where a measurable parameter changes. M rations because a faster rate of faunal change allows This is possible with size changes in an anagenetic the definition of shorter units, rather than that shorter lineage. Size change as measured from a particular species longevities are the result of shorter biostrati- bone or tooth may reflect general size change of the "E graphic units.
Size changes in insular environment may and exits extinction, local extinction, evolution be very rapid. In continental environments, such into a different species or subspecies. For the past changes tend to be slower. Size changes in large 2 Ma of Western Europe faunal turn over is given mammals tend to be faster during the Pleistocene in figure 3.
The frequency of the events increases and Holocene than during the Mio- and Pliocene. Because of the or ic of Late Pleistocene, the scale is 10 ka. However, for the t f lith es Middle and Early Pleisto- cene, the temporal ranges.
Not Pa r pu included are insular and domestic species. The running average shows the trend in increasing dl fo turnover more clearly. Nature, 44, p. Geobios, 15, p. State of the art. Earth-Science Reviews, 52, p. MADE J. Carbonell ed. Ariel, p. Cavarretta, P. Gioia, M. Mussi, M. Palombo eds , system that includes Psia Cave and the neighboring The world of elephants. Proceedings of the 1st inter- national congress.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, shelters. Roma, p. The cave was filled with sediments of near 10 m thickness. The profile consists 23 layers,. Trabajos sobre The oldest series includes layers 23 — These IS n Neogeno-Cuaternario, 4, p. Lind- age of terra rosa clays was not determined, how- say, V. Plenum, New York, p. These Biostratigraphy for Westem Kenya. Journal of Human are the sediments of cohesive flows, shaped in form ng o Evolution, 10, p. Sanders eds , Cenozoic Mammals of Africa.
Uni- sa du th till today. It is built mainly of loam or silts rich t f lith es the European Paleogene — Mainz, February 18th—21st Almost no sedimentary struc-. Vrba, G. Denton, ing and karst weathering, with addition of aeolian la rp T. Burckle eds : Palaeoclimate and and biogenic accumulation. The only sedimenta- evolution with emphasis on human origins. The differences between partic- ular layers are marked firstly in color, rubble con- id y Geology and chronostra graphy of tent and granulation of fine fractions.
The Research Centre in Warsaw. Twarda St. The Wiszniowska et al. Cave to MOIS 4. The the Side Chamber. Beyond the Third Chamber the series includes layers 7 — 3 and S1 and S2. Rich Mi- long corridor is located. There also exists a collapsed coquian horizons were found in lower part of that remain of the other chamber, now preserved as the series Cyrek et al.
The aeolian accumulation of loess had a place P. Quaternary In- Europe like European mink and stone marten. In ternational , p. The whole fauna is now dated roughly at OIS 9 ed. Rekonstrukcja zasiedlenia jas- to 1 some lowermost layers can be older. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of wolf, big body size fluctuation under climatic con- Geology, Warsaw University, Warszawa. Most bones are strong- le ri e c based on studies of molecular fossils from cave sedi- ments. Layer 7a is relatively easy distinguish- milies, can be divided into three major assemblages.
Even the Gravettian fireplace was found in the rial was found in lowermost part of sediments layers same horizon. It means it was possible to distinguish ur at 19a — d. M The second, the most richest assemblage is rep- For these reasons selection of samples looks the resented by carnivores typical for the late Middle most important task. Only items with unequivocally Pleistocene, like wolf, red and polar fox, cave and determined spatial localization sector, unit, depth, "E brown bear, lynx, cave lion, wildcat, badger, pine and layer were included into the analysis, both from marten, stoat, least weasel and cave hyena.
All samples with those species, form usually rarely founded in are represented by hard animal materials bone and cave sediments are also present: dhole, steppe pole- antler , and items bearing proofs of anthropic impact cat, wolverine and leopard. Third, youngest assemblage is chracterized are preferred. Book of Abstracts 59 The intact sediments with layers 3, 4 and 5 both material. Only one datum can be calibrated OxA- Epimagdalenian and Magdalenian have been , and its age comes near the absolute data presented only in the entrance of the cave.
Older obtained earlier Valoch, The remaining data Magdalenian layer 6 has been detected also in the place the occupation into an older period than the centre of the cave. The Gravettian finds have been 45 —50 BP interval. We take into account also finds from layers cave was not younger than 49 BP.
Cave in the Moravian Karst. Interdisciplinary Analy- le ri e c The dating of Epimagdalenian layer 4 was carried sis of Hard Animal Material from Middle Palaeolithic out using three samples. The first two OxA Horizons , Brno. One of the dates corresponds to Epimagdaleni- No eo os an layer 3 OxA , while the other more likely Alexander K.
Ocherednoi1, Ekaterina V. Vishnyatsky1 dalenian layer 6 OxA Petersburg, Russia Magdalenian layer 6 OxA Accord- 2 Ins tute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, ing to these data the occupation of the cave can be Moscow, Russia rather reliably dated to the period around 12 BP.
Neruda et al Fourteen samples were sent Paleolithic assemblages of Khotylevo I and the Be- ur at for analysis, and absolute dates were acquired for 12 tovo group. Seven samples yielded a general datum tes- The recent fieldworks were aimed first of all at M tifying that the Micoquian occupation is not young- the study of the depositional history of the Middle er than the obtained value, which oscillates between Paleolithic culture-bearing strata and clarification of 45 and 50 years BP.
The OxA sample, their stratigraphic and chronological position. It is impor- L. A tentative correlation of the Middle Paleolithic sites in the Upper Desna region ea ial as radiocarbon dating, make it possible to character- posits took place during the first half of the Middle ize the site formation process in much more detail Valdai megainterstadial OIS 3.
For the time being op er than has been possible before. The formation of the sites are associated with redeposited buried soils alluvium deposits was dated to the transitional stage disturbed by cryogenic processes, resting on the between the Mikulino interglacial OIS 5 and Ear- Cenomanian Upper Cretaceous sands, and over- "E ly Valdai glacial OIS 4.
However, as was shown lain with the Late Valdai loess-like sandy loams and by the works, the culture bearing layers were loams. In addition, the works demonstrated the ex- hope that the continuation of field explorations at the istence of several culture bearing layers differing in Middle Paleolithic sites of the Upper Desna region both the number and typological composition of ar- will contribute to clarifying many questions relat- tifacts and the degree of their post-depositional dis- ed to the chronology, genesis, and variability of the location.
In all likelihood, the formation of these de- Micoquian industries in the Russian Plain. Book of Abstracts 61 Variability, mobility and site func on in terial acquisition patterns and their incidence in Pre-Pyrenean Middle Paleolithic. The the technological systems. The technical systems examples of Roca dels Bous and Cova observed indicate a coexistence of expedient and Gran Iberian south-eastern organized knapping methods which generate ar- Pre-Pyrenees tefacts with few standardized technological traits but versatile to tackle their subsistence Mora et Xavier Roda Gilabert1, So a Samper Carro1, Joel al.
These artefacts suffer intense reduction. This behaviour is not related to a scarcity of raw materials. Facultat de Filosofia i Lletres. Spain about concepts such as technical variability, and the e-mail: Javier. Roda uab. Spain in addition to the evaluation of diverse contextual elements such as hearths, permits making inferences ng o This paper presents the techno-economic data about site function aspects, but also related to Nean- le ri e c documented in the Mousterian archaeological lev- derthals mobility patterns Geneste The scenario t f lith es Regarding the lithic assemblages analysis, we observed shows a territory in which technical behav-.
Regional setting and sites discussed in the paper. MORA R. Cova del Gegant Sitges, Spain 8 ogie , p. However, zooarchaeological assemblag- No eo os Technical variability and changes in the pattern of set- es are subject to a wide variety of factors that may tlement at Roca dels Bous Southeastern Prepyrenees, modify them, distinct from mere human actions.
III, p. Location and site plan of Cova del Gegant. Carnivore modifications observed in Cova del Gegant. A: Gnawed humerus of bovid, showing the differential sa du th preservation of the most robust epiphysis distal and the destruction of the least dense proximal ; B: Sample of regurgitated bones; C: Nibling stick.
Example of a horse metapodial showing an intense gnawing by hyena cubs. D: Metapodia of bovid in which both epiphyses were destroyed, resulting in both crenulated edges or ic of of accumulations generated by diverse taphonomic human presence, although justified, should not be t f lith es agents.
In these cases, some criteria have been es- considered as the unique agent responsible for the tablished in an attempt to distinguish carnivore from faunal assemblage accumulation. No eo os hominid accumulations Cruz-Uribe ; Marean This paper will evaluate the factors that have et al.
Cova del Gegant con- influenced the skeletal representation and preserva- la rp stitutes a case of study of successive occupation in tion of GL-1 macro mammals assemblage to estab- a cave context. Formed in References dl fo a small karstic system, currently the cave access is CRUZ-URIBE K, , Distinguishing hyena from homi- limited both by sea and through a natural vertical nid bone accumulations, Journal of Field Archaeology id y shaft, although during the Neanderthal period it has 18 4 , p.
M nl been calculated that the coastline were 8 — 13 km. It consists of a principal chamber and two gal- Human Evolution 49, p. Stratigraphic context and direct dat- ea ial the other closer to the sea GL Servei mammal assemblage has not been conducted.
Complex data shown that human talunya, Barcelona, Unpublished archaeological report. We can purpose that the B. Climate was temperate cold and humid. IS ferentiating faunal assemblages accumulated by hyenas n and hominids, International Journal of Osteoarchaeo- IS re logy 12, p. They represent following orders: Er- 1 Department of Archaeology and Ethnology, Keio University, inaceomorpha 1 species , Soricomorpha 2 fami- t f lith es Tokyo, Japan, e-mail: sato flet.
Remains originate from la rp tkgota yandex. Porcupine Hystrix remains ur at Siberia were aimed at detailed studies of thin layers from layers 15 and 14 provide the first information within the Karginian paleosol and deposits MIS 3 on the occurrence of this species in the Pleistocene M including the cultural layer of these sites. The se- of Poland. Biotic data has been obtained on the lar layers the qualitative and quantitative changes composition of fauna species and includs species were traced.
The indices used for comparison com- "E of mollusks, birds, and mammals. For the first time prised the species richness Margalef index , over- pollen and spores from the site B.
Naryn section all species diversity Shannon-Wiener index and have also been studied. The results obtained allow similarity Jaccard index. Changes in the species a more detailed reconstruction of the Early man en- composition were correlated with a stratigraphic vironments of the Fore-Baikal subregion at the time scheme of the site. Margalef index values for rodent of MIS 3.
The taxa of vertebrate fossils from MIS 3 assemblages fluctuated from 1,7 to 2,8, for most paleosoils all belong to the Mammoth faunal com- assemblages from 2,0 to 2,6. With added clarity, monitoring your plant has never been easier. Get alert messages directly to your phone, tablet or PC. Record trending data of temperatures, levels, and alarms.
Recon now gives the option to display metric units or conventional U. Easily add the system to a new or existing plant. The manufacturer says its high-tech casing reduces heat buildup inside the tire, which offers lower fuel consumption and prolonged service life.
To contact someone about the Magna MA11, you email info magnatyres. The series will be available in September. Even the peripheral equipment you must have on every job has some news. For more information on that, you have to contact your local Schwarze dealer or call Schwarze direct at Check out some other paving and pavement maintenance related products and services that have hit the marketplace this year to enhance your bottom line.
Allmand Bros. The smallest unit in the new Maxi-Power line from Allmand Bros. The line includes seven maneuverable generators ranging in output from 25 to 50 kilovolt amps. The generators feature a heavy-duty, oversized alternator with separate excitation winding to handle large motors and variable loads. The automatic voltage regulator is designed to adjust quickly to provide stable and consistent voltage for powering sensitive equipment. Maxi-Power generators switch between and Hertz frequencies.
All models adjust between , and volts in single-phase power, and , , or volts in three-phase. An electronic governor maintains engine speed independent of the load. The Maxi-Power series features programmable start and stop capabilities for use as a standby system. Features include a large-capacity fuel tank, external fuel connections, a high-capacity cold start battery, a dual filtration system, durable inch tires and an adjustable couple channel for towing ease.
For more information, contact or info allmandcom. The end product size is defined by the space between the combs. Because the screening combs carry most of the material weight, the drums and bearings experience less impact and load.
The TS drums are available with two different blade types: standard for screening applications; axe for crushing or shredding.
Available blade sizes include: 0. The TS assembly is available in seven different models for The optional FLEXMIX, adjustable door is located above the rear discharge door to provide flexible mixing of material inside the rotor chamber. For more information, contact Tim Hoover at or tim. The RS from BOMAG Americas has a forward operating speed of up to feet per minute, and uses variable rotor speeds from to rpm to match rotor speed to the application.
The new vibratory roller is designed to compact with the front drum and deliver a smooth finish with the rear pneumatic tires. An offset drum with tapered edge and high curb clearance is designed for tight spaces; adjustable scrapers, an automatic vibration control system and a pressurized water system offer smoothness for asphalt applications.
It features an operating weight of The DV45CC has a It features standard dual amplitudes of 0. The automatic vibration control system provides automatic or operator-controlled start and stop to the drum. For more information, visit CaseCE. All models are available in a ROPS version or with a fully tinted panoramic cab. With both versions, the driver has a view of the drum edges, the edge pressing and cutting equipment, as well as the construction site.
Viewing panes in the cab floor ensure the driver can always see the rollers or wheels. The Easy Drive operating concept provides top-class ergonomics and comfort in the cab, according to the manufacturer.
The 9-foot, A dual staircase with handrails flanks the machine, allowing workers to cross the paving train without risk of being on the ground between machines. It features a dump hopper with inch triple-pitch segmented auger for mild re-blending before material moves toward the paver, and offers a tph capacity.
Sized for mass discharge from standard haul trucks, the front hopper is de-. The machines are built by American workers in Chattanooga, Tennessee. A vibrating bottom plate in the hopper is designed to prevent material build-up.
Heavy duty, swiveling support casters under the hopper are designed to provide smooth movement. The dump hopper is controlled from the main operator platform. For more information, contact Eric Baker at or ebaker roadtec. The seat offers five positions to choose from ranging from front facing to plus or minus 45 degrees and plus or minus 90 degrees, depending on. The cabbed version of the inch Sakai SW vibratory double-drum roller is designed with operators in extreme climates.
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High-frequency, low-profile vibratory rollers offer low-profile vibration at 4, vpm. Operators simply flip a switch to choose frequency and amplitude or no vibration from front or rear drum, independent of each other. A cross-mounted drive and vibration motor help to minimize drum edge marking. The rig is powered by a Cummins QSF3. For more information, visit www.
In road milling, one of the greatest causes of tool failure is known as body wash—the premature wearing away of the steel body that surrounds and supports the vital brazed-carbide insert in each of the tools on the milling drum.
The manufacturer states there is no compromise on cutting speed, and the design allows. The new dual carbide ring design maintains puller groove performance throughout the life of the tool for easy removal, as it reduces wear on the washer and block, according to the manufacturer.
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Operators can then retract the trailer to 32 feet, 6 inches to shorten the overall trailer length to 53 feet, which the manufacturer states eliminates the need for permits. Talbert designed the 55SA-TELE with a inch swing radius that can be extended to inches with the use of a gooseneck extension. The unit features a foot wood deck in the front and a 3-foot Apitong platform in the rear with beams stretching between. The trailer expands and locks in 4-foot increments. The 55SA-TELE features one of the lowest deck heights in the industry—20 inches, which optimizes headspace for taller equipment.
For more information, ask about ENitro at sales talbertmfg. With the ErgoPlus 3 screed console, the screed can be adjusted for infinite variability in a range from 8 feet to 15 feet, 6 inches; or with bolt-on extensions to 19 feet, 6 inches. The entire material handling system of the Super and Super i is designed for high output, starting with a receiving hopper with a capacity of The high-powered, separate hydraulic drives on the conveyor and auger support laydown rates of up to tons per hour.
Strategically placed dual carbide rings on the new Double TriSpec tool from Sandvik are designed to prevent body wear and maximize carbide tip use. The front-mounted Vogele VF extending screed features high stability for maximum evenness, according to the manufacturer.
XL Specialized Trailers has introduced the XL 80 Power Tail trailer in or foot lengths for transporting medium-duty construction equipment. The trailer features a hydraulic fold-under flip tail ramp and a load angle of 10 degrees. The XL Power Tail is rated at 80, pounds overall and 50, pounds concentrated in 10 feet. The tail has a lifting capacity of 25, pounds for loads centered on the main platform.
The tail is comprised of two sections—an 8-foot, 8-inch platform ramp and a inch flip tail. For more information, contact Erin Pilcher at or visit www. Save on equipment costs and experience less complex maintenance than with the higher priced and more complex Tier 4 diesel engines. On Feb. It provides valuable insight on how the Fraud Section evaluates corporate compliance programs during an investigation by providing important topics and sample questions the DOJ may ask in specific cases.
One of the common themes running through the sample questions is the ability of the compliance program and personnel to have prevented the misconduct and to have adequately addressed the conduct to avoid similar incidents from reoccurring. Notwithstanding, one thing made clear from the guidance is that there is no rigid formula used by the Fraud Section to assess the effectiveness of a corporate compliance program.
The DOJ has made it clear that fraud investigations are still a priority under the new administration. Many of the topics and questions are intuitive and should not be a surprise to compliance personnel or senior management.
Based on the guidance issued by the DOJ, companies will now have a clearer set of guidelines to use in designing, evaluating and defending their corporate compliance programs. With this guidance in hand, companies are in a position to effectively reexamine their current programs and structures to ensure that they address the various considerations raised by the DOJ.
She has more than 25 years of experience in the construction industry, including a recent tenure as senior vice president for ethics and compliance at a global construction company. For more information, contact her at or Lorraine ldacomplianceconsulting. She is an attorney and has 12 years of experience in the construction industry as a former marketing director at a national construction law firm. AsphaltPro magazine joined forces with hall-of-fame paving consultant John S.
The course is available on any device, anytime, anywhere to train your entire crew. Your single subscription to the best curriculum of all time gives you access to train all of your employees, each time you bring in a new hire. Connect With Us! Stay in touch with AsphaltPro between issues where you can find how-to content, trends and technology, and industry insight.
The Production Issue. Matthews Crushes Pavement Maintenance. This paint producer has worked with Easy Tool since , relying on their field engineers to perform regular monitoring services for the motors, fans, pumps and mixers operating in the facility.
Every six months, field engineers from Easy Tool spend six days at the facility, using a variety of technologies to test things out, perform vibration analysis and the like.
In January, Field Engineer Ettore Di Pasquale was performing a dynamic test on a kilowatt, 4-pole motor at the facility when he discovered a significant current imbalance. The motor was driving a fan that sucks solvents from the air.
If the fan stops running, the paint producer must stop the production process. The fan is comprised of an impeller keyed directly to the motor shaft, which is controlled by a VFD. Given such high levels of current imbalance and the absence of several input half-waves, it became clear to me that the motor and fan were fine, but that the VFD needed to be replaced.
There are easy-to-use, portable instruments domestically and internationally, that can help you check the condition of your motors.
When you know what is really happening with your equipment, you can make smart decisions to keep people safe and to keep your operation running smoothly. Let them know you saw it in AsphaltPro Magazine. A recent report from emerging technologies market research firm IDTechEx estimates that more than , fully electric machines will be operating in the construction, maintenance, agriculture and mining industries by , as manufacturers like Komatsu, John Deere, Caterpillar, Volvo and others continue to push the limits of electric-powered heavy equipment.
As the world continues to urbanize and legislative pressures continue to mount, the report outlines, demand for machines that can operate with limited emissions and less noise will continue to increase. Its latest prediction estimates. This vast estimated increase is a clear indication that the industry is moving towards hybrid and fully electric heavy machinery more rapidly than previously expected.
And, last September, Volvo CE unveiled its hybrid electric loader prototype, the LX1, which was capable of doing the same level of work of a wheel loader one size larger. As a fully electric piece of machinery, the excavator can perform all of its regular tasks while delivering zero emissions. To achieve this, the combustion engine was replaced with two lithium ion batteries, offering a total of 38KWh.
Powering the EX2 Prototype This prototype in particular offers modular power solutions, including a mix of at least one V 19kWh lithium ion battery paired with either a second identical lithium ion battery, a diesel range extender, or a fuel cell system. Or, it can be plugged into the grid for its power or to recharge. The time it would take to recharge the batteries depends on the available infrastructure, he adds.
Back Cover Roadtec Please support the advertisers that support this magazine and tell them you saw them in AsphaltPro magazine. Because Reputation Matters. The face of business is changing. Regulatory changes, globalization, as well as advances in technology such as social media, all contribute to your regulatory risk. Proactive risk management adds value and can differentiate you in the growing market as well as improve your bottom line.
At LDA, we can monitor and detect potential problems and to prevent issues down the road. To learn more, call or visit our website. Step 4 The rotor teeth turn in close proximity to the breaker bar teeth on four optional breaker bar assemblies.
The operator moves a toggle switch to position the FLEXMIX door, which channels material back into the rotor for additional mixing and blending. Sometimes the pavement—and the budget—needs a repair of lesser depth. In all applications, however, the desired end result is to have consistent material gradation behind the machine. First, the operator will ensure the machine is ready for operation, following best practices and performing his pre-shift.
He will ensure the gallon fuel tank is full. Moving forward at an operating speed of up to feet per minute, the RS uses variable rotor speeds from to rpm to match rotor speed to the application. Four optional breaker bar assemblies— each containing seven cutting teeth positioned in the opposite direction of material flow—mounted above the front rotor door offer additional crushing and gradation of asphalt material.
The rotor teeth turn in close proximity to the breaker bar teeth to break up material. The operator moves a toggle ro-. As the door is moved closer to the rotor—beneficial when working with thinner lifts and when mixing in additives—material is channeled back into the rotor for additional mixing and blending. For full depth reclamation, the operator will position the door further away from the rotor.
Trigger it when the company is created instead r Font metrics should then just work r This is more accurate when the foundation is kind of undefined [FS ] r Only airport tiles should access those r This also prevents crashing when clicking unpause while the confirm window is shown r This also makes the widget containing the sprite not skip drawing it, if the bounds of the widget are outside of the drawing area though the sprite actually needs drawing [FS ] r Aircraft may reach unscheduled terminals when skipping orders [FS ] r Use the last set value instead r So let the client wait a tiny bit after sending the 'I am leaving' packet and before gracefully closing the connection [FS ] r Otherwise you could start a save, which would be marked as done by the previous save stopping and then yet another save could be started Removing that depot causes an assertion to trigger [FS ] r There might be a scheduled rebuild which needs execution first.
So, only set a trigger for resorting [FS ] r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r In other words, do not crash but show an error message r It removes the traces of engines which are no longer associated to a NewGRF, and can be used to e.
You can only use it when there are no vehicles in the game though r TTO savegames, non primary vehicles wagons and such could have unitnumbers or even orders. However, these orders would not be updated when a station is removed. As such some savegames have wagons with current orders to invalid stations which triggers trouble in the load conversion. Make sure that the minimum speed always overrules the maximum speed [FS ] r That may exceed 8 bits r You cannot select anything anyway r For example do not show trams when there is no tram NewGRF loaded r This allows you to see what trains visit a station without actually having to order a vehicle to stop at all stations r Now also the distance from the 'end' of the pathfinding run to the destination is compared to the current distance to the destination; if the distance to the destination at the end of the pathfinder run is less than the current distance from the destination the ship will not be marked as lost.
This means that the ships with the old pathfinder will less likely get marked as lost, but due to the design of the old ship pathfinder there 'lostness' is merely a best guess. When you still get a lost message you need to build buoys to guide the ship pathfinder [FS ] r This will reduce the lag of the other clients to the time it takes to make the memory dump and it will speed up downloading the map as the download starts earlier possibly with a slightly lower bandwidth due to slow compression [FS ] r Only centre on centre of main viewport if mouse is not in any viewport r Air drag for vehicles with air drag not set or set to zero will use a default value depending on their max speed r, r, r, r, r Action 14 r Also allow them to be custom named [FS ] r, r It does not store the new offsets anywhere so as soon as the sprite is reloaded the offsets are gone use a bigger sprite cache if this happens.
As side-effect you will get an error message explaining the command cannot be executed because the game is paused instead of seemingly nothing happening when you click. Additional side effect of this is that you can make use of the measurement tooltip while paused [FS ] r They cannot be built on flat or foundation tiles, so there is at most one destination tile like there is only one for tunnels [FS ] r Use the ClientID instead r Now you can enable or disable that with a setting, which replaces the build-while-paused cheat [FS ] r As there must be at least one sprite to provide the correct offset for the groundsprite draw the empty default foundation sprite in that case [FS ] r This should make competing stations less all-or-nothing [FS ] r
